Applied Physics and Mathematics Annotation << Back To the 70th anniversary of the soviet atomic project. How the first plutonium was produced C.K. Kovaleva In article it is told about the first steps of reception of weapon plutonium as by one of the main marks in the history of the Soviet nuclear project. On the basis of archival materials, memoirs of veterans of radiochemical and chemistry-metallurgical factories is reproduced, as there was an industrial development of technology of extraction of plutonium from the irradiated uranium blocks and as plutonium for reception of metal of high degree of cleanliness was fulfilled. It is necessary to give due to scientists, chemists and metallurgists, whose technologies on миллиграммовых quantities of plutonium, with success have proved to be true on powerful kilogram quantities. In the history of the domestic nuclear industry hardly there were more harmful working conditions, than at plutonium reception. But this problem has been solved in the shortest terms. Many trailblazers who have begun their labor activity in 1948–1953 have died absolutely young. But they left life adequately, with feeling of the executed debt. Defensibility of the country depended on their work. Key words: plutonium, alpha-particles, «glass» period. Contacts: E-mail: sve-kovalyova@yandex.ru Pp. 94-97.