Applied Physics and Mathematics Annotation << Back On the chinese atomic project V.V. Kuznetsova B.S. Gorobets Little known events related to the history of «Chinese Nuclear Programm» are described. After the victory of the communist revolution and the beginning of the People’s Republic of China, its president Mao tsetung asked Stalin for a couple of atomic bombs. Stalin replied that it was not necessary for China is protected at the same level as the USSR is. Nevertheless Mao dreamed of his own atomic bomb. But N.Khrushchev also refused to transfer our atomic weapon to the possession of China. On January, 1955 Politbiuro of the Chinese Communist Party confirmed the Mao’s determination to make chinese atomic bomb at any price. In the USSR many thousand students and specialists were studying nuclear physics, radiochemistry and other things they needed for making their bomb. The USSR built up in China cyclotron, physical reactor for nuclear researches, worked up gas diffusion plant for separate uranium isotopes. Soviet geologists discovered and prospected several uranium deposits in China, helped enrich uranium ores and produce uranium concentrates. Nevertheless the Chinese did not received working drawings and tolerance parameters of atomic bomb blocks. Method of calculation of degree of implosion of the nuclear charge was not given to the Chinese. Still, in 1950-ies, the USSR donated to China several rockets which were modernised versiоns of German V-2, and sold several strategic bombers Tu-4 and one Tu-16. To begin with 1959 the relations between Mao and Khrushchev were spoiling more and more. Sometimes nondiplomating behaviour, words and gestures took place. In the beginning of 1960-ies, the USSR recalled all Soviet specialists from China. In 1964, in October, 16, the Prime Minister of China Tchou enlai announced, that the first chinese atomic bomb has just been exploded on the polygon Lop Nur, in the Norh-East province of China. In 1967, in June, 17, the first hydrogen chinese bomb was succesfully tested in Lop Nur. It was quite modern bomb having power 3,3 Mt, evidently having two cameras. Key words: China, Chinese People’s Republic, Mao tsetung, Tchou enlay, mareshall Tchen’I, Khrushchev, atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb, polygon Lop Nur. Contacts: Email: bgorobets@rambler.ru Pp. 98-103.