Applied Physics and Mathematics Annotation << Back FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF GRADIENT STRUCTURES ON THE SURFACE OF TITANIUM VT1-0 AFTER COMBINED TREATMENT A.V. IONINA, E.A. BUDOVSKIKH The article analyzes the development of ideas about gradient layers and various ways of their formation, in order to strengthen and protect the surface of metals from adverse environmental conditions. Electro-explosive alloying, as well as various types of combined processing, were used as processing. Technically pure titanium of the VT1-0 brand was selected from the material. By methods of light microscopy of straight and oblique cuts, it was found that in gradient layers, as they move away from the surface, not only the structure itself changes, but also such characteristics as the concentration of impurities, alloying elements and, accordingly, the degree of completeness of these transformations. At the same time, the sizes of cells, grains and subgrains, the density of defects and their substructure change in the same direction. It is established that during electroexplosive carburization, the microhardness of the surface reaches 800 NV. Subsequent electron beam processing leads to an increase in the microhardness of the surface up to 2500...3000 NV, formation of two microhardness maxima at a depth of 20 and 70...80 microns from the surface and an increase in the depth of the hardening zone from 50 to 90 ... 100 microns. After electro-explosive carboborization, the microhardness near the surface increases to 2500.. .3000 NV. The thickness of the hardened surface layer reaches 120 microns. Carburization of titanium leads to the formation of a discontinuous coating on the surface. Keywords: gradient coatings, surface, structure, microhardness, alloying, combined processin. DOI: 10.25791/pfim.02.2023.1253 Pp. 03-10.